Upper Peninsula Congressman Jack Bergman (R-Watersmeet), U.S. Senator Gary Peters (D-Detroit) and U.S. Senator Debbie Stabenow (D-Lansing) announced legislation to settle the longstanding land claims of the Keweenaw Bay Indian Community and remove the disputes against current landowners in the community.
Through two treaties signed in 1842 and 1854, the Keweenaw Bay Indian Community (KBIC) was guaranteed occupancy over a large area of land established as the L’Anse Reservation. However, between 1855 and 1937 – and despite the treaties still remaining in effect – thousands of acres of the reservation were taken by the federal government without compensation and awarded to the State of Michigan.
The KBIC contends that the inappropriate transfer of these lands created substantial economic and other harm through the loss of valuable land in prime locations along Lake Superior that could have been used for a variety of revenue-generating activities over the past 150 years. Meanwhile, non-Indian individuals, entities, and local governments have acquired the land in good faith and now want to ensure they possess a clear title to the land.
Bergman, Peters, and Stabenow introduced the Keweenaw Bay Indian Community Land Claim Settlement Act of 2023 – in coordination with the KBIC along with state and local governments – to finally compensate the KBIC for this land while clearing the title of current landowners in the community.
Rep. Bergman stated, “Working together to find solutions to our toughest challenges is what makes our area so special. I’m proud of the work we’ve done to find a non-partisan solution to right the wrongs of the federal government and ensure that all parties involved – from the KBIC to the current landowners – have a lasting solution to this decades-long challenge.”
“I’m proud to help lead this bipartisan, bicameral, and long-overdue effort to settle these claims brought by the Keweenaw Bay Indian Community,” said Senator Peters. “I worked alongside the tribe and local community to bring forth this needed solution, and I’m pleased the bill will also provide legal clearance for local residents who currently own the property at issue.”
“This legislation is a testament to what we can achieve when we come together and work in the spirit of cooperation,” said Keweenaw Bay Indian Community President Doreen Blaker. “I am grateful to Senator Peters, Senator Stabenow, Congressman Bergman, and Governor Whitmer for coming together to find a resolution to these claims that have lingered for so long.”
“The Community, just like any other property owner, has a right to be compensated when the federal government illegally takes its constitutionally protected lands,” said Keweenaw Bay Indian Community Vice President Toni Minton. “I want to thank Baraga County, the Village of L’anse, and the Village of Baraga for understanding that and standing with us. We also owe a debt of gratitude to Senator Peters, Senator Stabenow, and Congressman Bergman for taking a stand and doing the right thing by the Tribe. I am proud of our Michigan Congressional Delegation.”
Local leaders have also expressed support for the settlement of the Keweenaw Bay Indian Community’s land claims. In a letter to KBIC, the Baraga County Board of Commissioners expressed its support for “a legislative settlement that will right this wrong with just compensation for the land that was taken.” Likewise, the Villages of Baraga and L’Anse have voiced their support for the effort. In a letter to KBIC, Village of Baraga President Wendell Dompier said the Village supported “a legislative settlement that will allow the tribe to be made whole from the land that it lost.” Village of L’Anse Manager Bob LaFave voiced his hope that such a settlement would “address all the various adverse effects the Tribe has suffered from such an extensive loss over so many years.”
“I appreciate the Keweenaw Bay Indian Community’s willingness to bring to light this important piece of history concerning the land grant acts affecting the L’Anse Indian Reservation and support federal action to address uncompensated takings from tribes,” said Governor Whitmer.
The Keweenaw Bay Indian Community’s (KBIC) land claims involve the dispossession of 1,333 and 2,720 approximate acres of land transferred by the United States government to the State of Michigan as compensation for the construction of the Sault Ste. Marie Canal, as well as approximately 2,743 acres of swamplands. The KBIC asserts that as a result of the 1842 and 1854 treaties, these lands were not available for transfer and therefore transferred illegally.
The Keweenaw Bay Indian Community Land Claim Settlement Act of 2023 would right this wrong by authorizing federal funds through the U.S. Department of the Interior (DOI) that could be used by the KBIC for governmental services, economic development, natural resource protection, and land acquisition.
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